Reserved Words of Programming languages¶
| ruby | python | java | scala | golang | cpp | c |
Amount of reserved words per programming language:
- C++ - 92
- C89 - 32
- C99 - 37
- C11 - 42
- Python 2 - 31
- Python 3 - 33
- Ruby - 41
- Golang - 25
- Java - 53
- Scala - 50
As You can see Golang has the minimal amount of reserved words.
C++ keywords: 92 words¶
alignas (since C++11) dynamic_cast reinterpret_cast
alignof (since C++11) else requires (concepts TS)
and enum return
and_eq explicit short
asm export(1) signed
atomic_cancel (TM TS) extern(1) sizeof(1)
atomic_commit (TM TS) false static
atomic_noexcept (TM TS) float static_assert (since C++11)
auto(1) for static_cast
bitand friend struct(1)
bitor goto switch
bool if synchronized (TM TS)
break import (modules TS) template
case inline(1) this
catch int thread_local (since C++11)
char long throw
char16_t (since C++11) module (modules TS) true
char32_t (since C++11) mutable(1) try
class(1) namespace typedef
compl new typeid
concept (concepts TS) noexcept (since C++11) typename
const not union
constexpr (since C++11) not_eq unsigned
const_cast nullptr (since C++11) using(1)
continue operator virtual
decltype (since C++11) or void
default(1) or_eq volatile
delete(1) private wchar_t
do protected while
double public xor
register(2) xor_eq
C keywords¶
C89: 32 words¶
auto goto
break if
case int
char long
const register
continue return
default short
do signed
double sizeof
else static
enum struct
extern switch
float typedef
for union
C99: C89 + 5 words¶
_Bool
_Complex
_Imaginary
inline
restrict
C11: C99 + 5 words¶
_Alignas _Noreturn
_Alignof _Static_assert
_Atomic _Thread_local
_Generic _Noreturn
Python 2: 31 words¶
and del from not while
as elif global or with
assert else if pass yield
break except import print
class exec in raise
continue finally is return
def for lambda try
Python 3: 33 words¶
False class finally is return
None continue for lambda try
True def from nonlocal while
and del global not with
as elif if or yield
assert else import pass
break except in raise
Ruby: 41 words¶
__ENCODING__
__FILE__ and def end in or self unless
__LINE__ begin defined? ensure module redo super until
BEGIN break do false next rescue then when
END case else for nil retry true while
alias class elsif if not return undef yield
Golang: 25 words¶
break default func interface select
case defer go map struct
chan else goto package switch
const fallthrough if range type
continue for import return var
Java: 53 words¶
abstract continue for new switch
assert*** default goto* package synchronized
boolean do if private this
break double implements protected throw
byte else import public throws
case enum**** instanceof return transient
catch extends int short try
char final interface static void
class finally long strictfp** volatile
const* float native super while
false true null
* not used
** added in 1.2
*** added in 1.4
**** added in 5.0
Scala : 50 words¶
abstract case catch class def
do else extends false final
finally for forSome if implicit
import lazy macro match new
null object override package private
protected return sealed super this
throw trait try true type
val var while with yield
_ : = => <- <: <% >: # @
Scala’s special symbols (_ : = => <- <: <% >: # @
) can be excluded and in this case Scala might have only 40 reserverd words.